How is the term “wind shear” defined in aviation?

Wind shear refers to a sudden change in wind speed or direction that can have significant implications for aircraft performance. This phenomenon is particularly important during critical phases of flight, such as takeoff and landing.

When there is wind shear, the aircraft can experience rapid changes in its lift and handling characteristics, making it more challenging for pilots to maintain control. For instance, if an aircraft encounters a sudden increase in headwind followed by a shift to tailwind, it can affect the aircraft's climb rate and approach, potentially leading to dangerous situations.

Understanding wind shear is crucial for pilots and air traffic controllers, as awareness and preparedness can help mitigate the risks associated with such unpredictable wind changes. The other definitions do not relate to the abrupt nature and specific effects of wind shear on aviation, marking the distinction that makes the correct answer relevant and significant in the context of aviation safety and operations.