What does the term “visual approach” refer to?

The term "visual approach" specifically refers to an approach to landing where pilots navigate visually. This means that pilots are able to see the runway and surrounding landmarks, allowing them to maneuver their aircraft based on visual references rather than relying solely on instruments. During a visual approach, pilots utilize their sight to align with the runway and manage their descent, which often leads to a more direct and efficient landing process when conditions permit.

In a visual approach, pilots must maintain visual contact with the airport and adhere to appropriate traffic patterns without needing specific radar assistance. Conditions must be suitable for visual flight rules (VFR), ensuring that visibility and cloud cover are adequate for safe navigation by sight. This differs significantly from approaches that require reliance on instruments or radar, which are necessary in low visibility scenarios.